Instrument for comparing the turbidity of liquids.



. W. KOPKE.

INSTRUMENT FOR COMPARING THE TURBIDITY 0F LIQUIDS.

APPLIOATIION ITILED SEPT. 2, 1911.

1,049,873. Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

YW/naswes Wawmgbecm wow ERNST WILHELM KOPKE, OF HONOLULU, TERRITORY OFHAWAII.

INSTRUMENT FOR COMPARING THE TURBIDITY 0F LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

Application filed September 2, 1911. Serial No. 647,419.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST WILHELM KOPKE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Honolulu, in the county of Honolulu and Territory of Hawaii,have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in 111-. .struments forComparing the Turbidity of Liquids; and I do hereby declaretheifollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertainsto make and use the same.

This invention relates to an instrument for comparing, the turbidity ofliquids; and the object of the invention is to produce an instrument ofthis character, which shall be simple, inexpensive and efficient.

My invention is based upon the fact that the turbidnessof liquidsis-proportional to the amount of insoluble matter in suspen-' sion inthe liquids, and that the transparency of said liquids is inverselyproportional.

to their turbidity.

The invention contemplates a plate provided with markings thereon, meansfor lowering said plate in the liquid until the markings just becomeinvisible to the eye of the observer, and means for determining thedepth to-which the plate was then submerged. v The turbidity of variousliquids may thus be compared, as the markings on the plate will becomeinvisible at a greater or lesser-depth in proportion as the turbidit isless or greater in the liquids compare In the, accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a plan, viewof a preferred form of my invention, and Fig. 2 is asectional elevationof same on the line A-B of Fig. 1.

Referring to the'drawings, the plate let any suitablematerial isprovided with a circular lip 2 for the reception of a card 3 and a glasscover 4. The card 3 is preferably white with black lines crossing sameas shown. The joint between" the peripherypf the cover 4 and the lip 2may be sealed w1th cement or in any other suitable manner, to

prevent 1n ury tothe card 3 by contact with the liquids in which it-maybe submerged. The plate 1 is provided at one side with an extension orboss 5 having a hole in which is secured a tube 6 perpendicular to theplate 1. The tube 6 is preferably of glass and 'open at or near itsends, and maybe detachable from the plate 1 for convenience intransportation. The tube 6 is graduated along its length, thegraduations preferably reading from its upper end downward to the endsecured to the boss 5 of the plate 1.

In operation, the instrument is held by the tube 6 perpendicularly,which servesas a handle, with the plate 1 downward and horizontal andsubmerged in the liquid to be tested. It will be observed that as theinstrument is lowered in the liquid the markings or lines on the card 3become less and less distinct, and that at a certain depth 7 these linesjust become invisible. When this depth is reached the opening at theupper end of the tube 6 is closed by placing a finger over same, and theinstrument is then withdrawn from the liquid, the height of the columnof liquid within the tube 6 being observed by reading the graduations.In a similar manner readings are obtained with other liquids and theirturbidity is thus compared.

The invention is 'not limited to the spec1fic structural details shown,for the reason that many-obvious changes in the apparatus might be madewithout departing from 'the spirit ofthe inventionj h I claim: v i 1..An instrument for measuring the turbidity of liquids, comprising'a tubeopen .at

'each end, and a plate provided .with mark-' ings attached perpendcularly to said tube.

2. An instrument for comparing the turbidity of liquids, comprising, a.plate provided with markings, a tube open at each end for lowering saidlate in the liquid,

and means for determimng the amount said plate was submerged when itsmarki'ngs'just became invisibleto the eye of the observer.

3. An instrumentfor comparing the turbidity of liquids comprising, aplate provided with markings, a tube open at each end for submergingsaid plate in the liquid, In testimony whereof I afiix my'signature,

and gale attached to said tube. in presence of two Witnesses.

4. instrument for comparing the turbtdity of liquids comprising, a,plate pro- ERNST VILHELM KOl/KE 5 vlded with a card with markmgs, and atube Witnesses: Open at each end detachably secured to said THOS. P. W.GRAY,

plate and provided with graduations. FRANK L. JAMES.

